Telegraphy.



W. Nl. BRUCE, III.

TELEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED IIINEYIB, 1914.

Patented July 13, 1915.

E I IIIIIIIIIII i v y, quanta.) :or

UNITE sa WILLIAM M. BRUCE, JB.,

OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

TELE GRAPHY.

Application iilef June l5, 1914.

T0 all trimm 'it' may concern Be it known that l, lVrLLIAM BRUCE, Jr., a citizen oi the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county olf Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Telegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to iinproyements in telegraphy and it particularly relates to means for insuring an even distribution of the current in cables or conductors of high capacity in sending signals so as to get a uniform marking of dots or dashes at the beginning of a series ot' signals when the cable is normal or Where a short signal may follow a long signal during which the cable is partially discharged.

l have. heretofore employed, and set forth in a pending application, a system of teleg raphy in which current impulses for dots and dashes, where current reversals are employed, are automatically regulated at the sending end so that the current of dilierent polarities is impressed upon the cable or conductor for the same length ot time to insure the same rise in potential. -When cables or high capacity conducto are being charged :l l discharged capii in sending a series or signals the can 1 does not always rea h the exact normal or Zero point botween .signals as 'it loes ai'tcr an interval of time between sifmais, hence the iirst impulse oia a giron polarity (with the cable normal) is apt to inalic :n slightlylonger character than the sncrrmling ones' il they are short characters, or in the rase ot' a long character there ma); be a slight space between that and thc succeeding clnsracter due to the same causo, namely that m, cable or conductor may reach the com ormai or Zero in a long inicrrai 't reach quite the noruml or interval. To this fun-:l l prm'nle mez-a l inpensating i'or the residual charge .n the conductor in rapid signaling .l ff the amount of current impr-1 ucor at the sending er the time intervals in the ii Figures l cons and ai y 'Y nu( invention. iiiaic shown accompli in a compara* slow or slug pied to duetor under di! charge said relay Specification of Letters latent.

Patented uly 13, i915.

Serial No. 845,162".

ated after the irst impulses and to remain operated in the event that the impulses ol lori each other in normal succession, the effect being to decrease the current impressed on the conductor in starting the signals and automatically increase the current as the signaling reaches a certain predetermined speed at which the cable will not be completely discharged between impulses and aftect the marking if not corrected.

in the said drawing l have shown apparatus for one end ot the cable only, it being understood that this has to do only with the sending end and it is to be understood that the conductor will be properly equipped with sending apparatus at each end.

in the said drawings, a is an ordinary key or transmitter connected by wire l to a polarized relay I), and thence to ground at g. This key is normally engaged with Contact a. which is connected by wire Q to Contact b of relay and by branch Wire 3 to the negative side oi' battery B and by Wire 4 to a contact 5 on a cut-ott relay c. The other contact (l ot said relay being connected by wires T and S to the positive side oi' the battei-y which is also connected by wires 9 'and il) to contact u? oi1 the sendingkey and by wire il to the contact b2 oi' the sending relay in lhe variable resistance relay d being preferably in this circuit formed by Wire 11 to the contact b2. The armature b3 of relay is connected to the cable or conductor by wire l2 and normally includes resistance r and wireV 13 leading from wire l2 passes to relay c and thence by inductive resistance r' to ground at y. ,The armature d ot' relay d is connected to the cable or conductor around the resistance r by wire lei and wire l5 conneets the opposite end oi said resistance to contact r/ot' relay Z so that when the relay (l is energized and its armature el is pulled up, the resistance r will be short eircuited.

The operation of this system is as follows: upon pressing the key a., a positive impulse will be sont from battery B through the relay Y; from the positive pole of the battery through Wires S, 9, 10, Contact a?, wire l, relay b to ground at g. This will cause the polarized relay to more to contact l," when positive battery will be, fed through e il and the controlling relay (Z, Contact armature ha, wire 12, resistance r to the call-e. The relay c will also get current through Wire 13 but by reason of the inductive resistance r will operate at an interval cause the armature fe* of relaygc to'move pulses'and slightly increased current while rom'contact 5 to contact 6 and thus cutoif a higher resistance and less current 1s pro-l the supply I positive current by grounding the ppsitive sidefof the battery and will also' per'mit the cable to discharge through Wires l12, 11,9 andl 7 to grouiidat g2'. The lrelay Z vbeing included in the circuit with wire 11 Will be' energizedby-,the positive current flowing to thecableand if it remains energized theresist'ance will be cutout of the main conductorcircuit but if the armature c of the cut-'Oife should remainv for a defiy nite periodo time in 'position on contact 6 Lis and the cable thereby `completely, discharged this relay will be denergized and leave the resistance rin circuit. Since the cut-off 'vrelayf'cfworks automatically this result will occur even though key a remains on contact a2. If the key a engagesthe contact a av l negative impulse isimpressedon the ca ble bymoving the armature b3 of the sending relay b to contact bf which will also denergize therelay-d by breaking `its circuit at the shunt around'l theresistanceand allowing the resistance to remain in the maincircuit. Now if theseA Contact Z22 thus openin positive and negative impulses follow each other in rapid succession the make and break' ofthe, circuit at b2 will, byreason'of y A the sluggish character ofltliis relay, cause it to remain energized and the resistance 1' will thus be shunted from the circuit so long as i this-rapid making and breaking continues.V

"Whenever the key a remains at rest for a short period in either position this relay-(Z l will be denergized either by the cut-oil' relay fc changing the ground connection from the positiveto the negative side of 40Jth'e battery or 'byjbreaking .the circuit of this vrelay i at cpntaet b2 and in either case ,when this'- occ'rsi'lit la definite' time interval which .will peimit the sluggish relay to be' denergized the resistance 1f will beflirft n Vthe sending circuit to thecabl'e vor conductor;

AThe result of this arrangement is that if the positive and negative impulsesollow each othergwith sufiicient rapidityto cause the .cable to retain a portion'of the previous so;

chargeiso thatitvwill not reach-'the exact normal' or 4zero vbetween impulses this -re'- 's stance'. r willbecut-out while if these posiv:tive and negative impulses are separated 'by 1; atiine interval which will .T6-5;

" 'n vsoluteazero lthe resistance wilhremain in' the permit the cable to becompletely discharged (1r-.reach thel ab' dzon `thvecable or conductor, thefrelay djusted so that thetime interval any partial charge rei'n'ainingYin the Aca'bl i vided for when the cable-is ,.at normal. e

of time inenten the ,relay-b. This will' .for by said rsistance 'tweetal-'rent im;

varying the resistanceinfthev main conductor' may be employedlfor varying 'the curreit/ f to compensate for the varyin tableAcondif,l

tic' i1s.V Forinstance in Ei 2 have shown therela d adapted t6 c'o trol 1oinvary thel inducti e resistance'z" which controls the speed of the cut-oil lelayc. In this case the armature; Z- and its'backA contact d2, withvl wires 14 'and 15 forms a shunt which noi'.

mally cuts z 'out' a. `part of the inductive re?" sistance r in circuit with the cut-oif relay cl.;

wiich causesthe cut-olfl relay c to operate somewhat quicker when this shunt isfclosedjl thanwhen the shunt is Open. l The result isfthat'in 'thenor'mal condition of the' cable,

the lout-off lrelayc will yoperate so as to give less'currentfor each movement of the key thany whenthe impulses operate each other to remain energized so asto attach its armature and 'o'pen the. shunt at contact` d2 thus leaving alljofthe inductive resistance in circuit withv the Ycut-oli" relay c, causing it to 'operate somewhat slower and thus giving a slightly increased amount 'of 'current for each impulse to overcome the partial charge which may begin in the cable.

with sufficient rapidity to cause the relay d y By the invention thus described, am able y vto obtain the same amplitude on the receivf ing vinstrument at the opposite end of the cable or vconductor whether the impulses be impressed on the normal or' zero cable orv pated.

claim: n

lniipressed-iupon a conductor .for a-*denite the current impressed on the'- conductores v the .time interval between the impulses is changed.-

, 2; In a system ojte'legraphy in which our Having uns described immensi whether impressedupon the cable before the prec'edmg` charge hasl been completely dissi? ich 1. Inj; v"systeniibi? telegraphyvin' current "impulses vof opposite 'polarity arev iis jrent impulses'` of opposite @polarity are im` pressedupona cablefor a' definite period andv adaptedtoifollow each other at differv Y, v p l U entintervalsgjmeans,controlled by the s'end-l gconductorjanddecreasefthe-"current un-*Wing to. vary' theresistance of theV conduct er l which said` im AIn 'aasystem-ofl telegraphy such as vdet, pulsespass as. thetime Intervallbetvveen` -erfinjpulses is 14:25

efr r4sluggish @relay operated'. ,l

4. In a system of telegraphy such as described means for compensating for any residual charge in a conductor whereby the rise in potential in the conductor produced by one impulse is substantially equal to that produced by succeeding impulses.

In a system such as described means including a sluggish relay operated by the current impulse ot' a series to compensate for any residual charge in the conductor whereby the rise in potential in theicon-y ductor produced by one impulse is substantially equal to that produced by succeeding impulses.

6. In a system of telegraphy, such as described, means operated by the impulses of a series to control the current fed to the conductor at the first impulse of a series to cause all of said impulses to produce in the conductor substantially the same rise in potential Whether met by a residual charge or not.

In testimony whereof, l have hereunto set my hand this 5th day of June 1914.

1 WVILLIAM M. BRUCE, JR. lVitnesses Crus. I. WELCH, ESTHER EAPFEIFER. 

